Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural hazards because they occur suddenly with little or no warning, causing extensive loss of life, property, infrastructure, and environmental resources. The severity of earthquake disasters depends not only on the magnitude of the earthquake but also on population density, building quality, preparedness levels, and response capacity. From a geographical perspective, earthquake disaster management involves understanding tectonic processes, identifying vulnerable regions, reducing risk through planning, and enhancing resilience through preparedness and mitigation strategies. Preparedness for earthquake-related hazards begins with hazard assessment and seismic zonation. Detailed geological and geophysical investigations help identify active fault lines, seismic gaps, and regions prone to strong ground shaking. Seismic hazard maps prepared using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies assist planners in identifying high-risk zones. Microzonation studies further classify urban areas based on local soil conditions, liquefaction potential, and expected ground motion, enabling location-specific planning and safer infrastructure development. Land use planning is a vital preparedness strategy. Construction of critical infrastructure such as hospitals, schools, nuclear facilities, and dams should avoid active fault zones and unstable slopes. Urban planning should ensure adequate open spaces for emergency evacuation and temporary shelters. Restricting development in highly vulnerable zones reduces exposure to earthquake hazards. Earthquake-resistant construction is one of the most effective mitigation measures. Building codes based on seismic standards should be strictly enforced for residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. Structures should incorporate flexible designs, reinforced concrete frames, shear walls, base isolation systems, and quality construction