List down different kinds of food preservation methods commonly used at home. Explain the principle of the methods used with appropriate examples. See the methods being used in your family and neighborhood.
Canning, freezing, and drying food are the most common methods for preserving foods at home today. However, there are many other methods, and some are easier and less expensive. Listed below is an overview of 10 methods for preserving foods, including today’s popular methods, as well as other old-fashioned and ancient techniques that are worth re-visiting.
1. Canning is the process of heating the product at a specified temperature for a specific length of time (pasteurizing), and then vacuum sealing the pasteurized food in special glass jars designed for this purpose. It can be used with most foods, including fruits, vegetables, meats, seafood, and some prepared foods. Canning requires the purchase of reusable canning jars and rings, one-time use sealing lids, and some practice to learn the necessary and detailed steps.
2. Freezing is the process of chilling foods to at least 0°F. It can be used with all foods, including fruits, vegetables, meats, seafood, grains, nuts, dairy, eggs, and prepared foods. True freezing is not possible in the freezer compartment of your refrigerator where the temperature is typically much warmer, between 10°F to 32°F. Freezing is easy to do, if you can afford to buy and operate the relatively expensive appliance.
3. Drying is the process of dehydrating foods until there is not enough moisture to support microbial activity. It can be used with most foods, including fruits, vegetables, meats, seafood, grains, legumes, and nuts. There are several different techniques, some are relatively easy to do and require no special equipment.
4. Fermenting is the process of encouraging the growth of “good bugs” to inhibit the “bad bugs” that can spoil food. It can be used with many types of foods, including fruits, vegetables, meats, seafood, grains, legumes, dairy, and eggs to produce a wide
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