The Concentric Zone Theory of urban land use was proposed by the American sociologist Ernest W. Burgess in 1925 as part of the Chicago School of Urban Sociology. The theory explains the spatial organization and growth of cities through a series of concentric rings expanding outward from the Central Business District (CBD). Burgess argued that urban areas develop in a predictable pattern due to competition for land, accessibility, and economic activities. Although originally based on the city of Chicago, the theory became one of the earliest systematic models for understanding urban land use and has significantly influenced the development of Urban Geography. According to the theory, the city is divided into five concentric zones. At the center lies the Central Business District, which contains commercial establishments, offices, financial institutions, and administrative functions. It is the area with the highest land value and maximum accessibility. The second zone is the Zone of Transition, characterized by deteriorating housing, small industries, warehouses, and recent migrants. This area is dynamic, experiencing constant land-use changes as commercial activities expand outward from the CBD. The third zone is the Zone of Working-Class Residences, occupied by industrial workers who seek affordable housing close to their workplaces. The fourth zone is the Residential Zone, inhabited by middle- and upper-middle-income groups living in better-quality housing with improved environmental conditions. The fifth and outermost zone is the Commuter Zone or Suburban Area, where affluent residents live and commute daily to the city center. The theory is based on the concept of invasion and succession. As the city grows, commercial and industrial activities invade adjacent residential areas, forcing existing residents to move outward. This continuous outward movement leads to the expansion of urban land use in concentric