Motivation refers to the internal processes that activate, direct, and sustain human behaviour toward achieving specific goals. In Industrial/Organisational Psychology, understanding motivation is essential because it influences employee performance, job satisfaction, commitment, and overall organisational effectiveness. Content theories of motivation focus on identifying the specific needs and factors that motivate individuals. These theories attempt to explain what motivates people at work rather than how motivation occurs. Two important content theories of motivation are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory and Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory was proposed by Abraham Maslow in 1943. According to Maslow, human needs are arranged in a hierarchical order, and individuals are motivated to satisfy these needs progressively. He suggested that lower-level needs must be reasonably satisfied before higher-level needs become important motivators. The theory consists of five levels of needs. The first level is physiological