Question
मनोविज्ञान की प्रकृति और कार्यक्षेत्र का वर्णन कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 615
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Skip in 10
मनोविज्ञान वह विज्ञान है जो मानव तथा अन्य जीवों के व्यवहार और मानसिक प्रक्रियाओं का वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन करता है। प्रारंभिक काल में मनोविज्ञान को आत्मा का विज्ञान माना जाता था। इसके बाद इसे मन का विज्ञान कहा गया, फिर चेतना का विज्ञान माना गया और आधुनिक समय में इसे व्यवहार एवं मानसिक प्रक्रियाओं का विज्ञान स्वीकार किया गया। मानसिक प्रक्रियाओं में संवेदना, प्रत्यक्षीकरण, ध्यान, स्मृति, अधिगम, कल्पना, चिंतन, भाषा, बुद्धि, प्रेरणा, संवेग तथा व्यक्तित्व जैसी प्रक्रियाएँ सम्मिलित होती हैं। मनोविज्ञान का उद्देश्य केवल व्यवहार का वर्णन करना ही नहीं, बल्कि उसे समझना, उसकी व्याख्या करना, उसका पूर्वानुमान लगाना तथा आवश्यकतानुसार उसे नियंत्रित या परिवर्तित करना भी है। मनोविज्ञान की प्रकृति वैज्ञानिक है क्योंकि इसमें तथ्यों का व्यवस्थित अध्ययन, निरीक्षण, प्रयोग, परीक्षण तथा मापन जैसी वैज्ञानिक विधियों का प्रयोग किया जाता है। मनोवैज्ञानिक किसी भी निष्कर्ष पर पहुँचने से पहले प्रमाणों और
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