Delegation is the process by which a manager assigns a part of his work, authority and responsibility to subordinates while retaining overall accountability. It is an important principle of management because it enables managers to distribute work effectively and concentrate on activities that require their personal attention. Delegation is closely related to the principle of ‘Management by Exception’, under which managers focus primarily on significant deviations from plans, standards or expected performance rather than supervising every routine activity. Management by Exception is based on the assumption that routine matters should be handled at the appropriate lower level, while managers should intervene only when actual performance differs significantly from predetermined standards. Delegation creates the necessary conditions for this system to operate effectively. When managers delegate routine duties and decision-making authority to subordinates, employees become responsible for handling normal situations independently. The manager does not need to interfere in every minor decision and can concentrate on exceptional matters. Delegation first establishes clear areas of responsibility. A manager assigns specific