Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or across international borders, for temporary or permanent settlement. It is a complex social process influenced by economic, social, political, environmental, and cultural conditions. The causes of migration are generally classified into push factors, which compel people to leave their place of origin, and pull factors, which attract them to a new destination. Understanding these factors is essential in social work and social development because migration significantly affects individuals, families, communities, and society. Push factors are the unfavorable conditions that force people to leave their native place. One of the most significant push factors is poverty. Lack of income, unemployment, and limited livelihood opportunities compel people to migrate in search of better economic prospects. Rural areas often suffer from underemployment, seasonal employment, and dependence on agriculture, making migration a survival strategy. Natural disasters and environmental degradation also act as important push factors. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes, desertification, and climate change destroy homes, agricultural land, and livelihoods, forcing people to relocate. Environmental migration has become increasingly common due to changing climatic