Net migration refers to the difference between the number of people entering a particular geographical area (immigration) and the number of people leaving it (emigration) during a specific period. It is calculated by subtracting the number of emigrants from the number of immigrants. When more people enter than leave, the result is positive net migration. Conversely, when more people leave than enter, it is known as negative net migration. Net migration is an important demographic indicator because it influences population size, labour availability, economic growth, social development, and the demand for public services. Migration occurs due to various push and pull factors. Push factors include poverty, unemployment, conflict, environmental degradation, natural disasters, lack of educational opportunities, and political instability. Pull factors include better employment prospects, higher wages, quality education, improved healthcare, political freedom, and better living conditions. People may migrate within a country from rural to urban areas or across international borders in search of improved opportunities. From the perspective of social work and social development, net migration has significant social, economic, and cultural implications. Positive net migration can contribute to economic development by increasing the