Question
Explain the various models of stress.
Answer :
Word Count : 1414
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Skip in 10
Stress is a natural psychological and physiological response that occurs when individuals perceive that the demands placed upon them exceed their ability or resources to cope. It is a part of everyday life and can arise from personal, social, academic, or occupational situations. Different psychologists and researchers have developed various models of stress to explain how stress originates, how people respond to it, and how it affects health and behaviour. These models provide valuable insights into the nature of stress and help individuals and organizations develop effective stress management strategies. One of the earliest and most influential models is Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS). Selye viewed stress as a non-specific response of the body to any demand. According to this model, the body passes through three stages when exposed to a stressful event. The first stage is the Alarm Reaction Stage. During this stage, the body recognizes the presence of a stressor and prepares to deal with it through the "fight or flight" response. Hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol are released, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and energy supply. This response prepares the individual to confront or escape the threat. The second stage is the Resistance Stage. If the stress continues, the body attempts to adapt to the stressful situation. Physiological responses remain elevated but become more stable. The individual appears to function normally while using internal resources to cope with the stress. Although resistance helps in adaptation, prolonged exposure to stress gradually reduces the body's capacity to respond effectively. The third stage is the Exhaustion Stage. If stress continues for a long period without adequate recovery, the body's resources become depleted. Physical and mental fatigue increases, and the risk of illness, depression, anxiety, burnout, and reduced immunity becomes much higher. According to
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