Climate change is exerting profound and multifaceted impacts on agricultural biodiversity, altering the very foundations of food production systems and the ecological balance that supports them. Agricultural biodiversity encompasses the variety of crops, livestock, microorganisms, pollinators, and genetic resources that collectively sustain agricultural productivity and resilience. As temperatures rise, precipitation patterns shift, and extreme weather events intensify, the stability and diversity of these biological resources are increasingly threatened. The resulting changes compromise not only agricultural productivity but also global food security, rural livelihoods, and the long-term capacity of ecosystems to adapt to evolving climatic conditions. One of the most direct impacts of climate change on agricultural biodiversity is the alteration of crop suitability and growing regions. Many traditional crop varieties are adapted to specific climatic conditions, and even small changes in temperature or rainfall can disrupt their growth cycles. Rising temperatures push the cultivation of several crops to higher altitudes or latitudes, forcing farmers to abandon long-grown traditional varieties and adopt new ones that are better suited to warming climates. This shift leads to the erosion of locally adapted varieties, which are often rich in unique genetic traits such as drought tolerance, pest resistance, and nutritional qualities. As farmers move toward uniform, commercially viable varieties, genetic diversity within crops declines, making food systems more vulnerable to future climatic shocks. Climate change also intensifies abiotic stresses such as drought, floods, and soil salinization, each of which drastically reduces agricultural biodiversity. Prolonged drought conditions have become more frequent in many regions, particularly in semi-arid and arid zones, weakening the survival of drought-sensitive crop species and landraces. Conversely, heavy rainfall and flooding destroy crop fields, degrade soil fertility, and wash away seed banks, disrupting the regeneration cycles of many crops. Higher temperatures accelerate the rate of evapotranspiration, resulting in soil moisture deficits that harm sensitive root structures and reduce microbial activity crucial for soil health. Rising sea levels contribute to saltwater intrusion into coastal farmlands, rendering them unsuitable for salt-intolerant crops, thereby narrowing the range of species that can be cultivated. Such environmental stressors trigger shifts toward fewer, more resilient species, accelerating the loss of biodiversity across agricultural landscapes. Livestock biodiversity is equally threatened by climatic changes. Heat stress decreases livestock productivity, fertility, and overall health, affecting both wild species and indigenous