Forest fires are uncontrolled fires that spread rapidly across forests and grasslands, causing widespread destruction to ecosystems, human life, and property. The causes of forest fires can be broadly categorized into natural causes and human-induced causes, both of which significantly contribute to the increasing frequency and intensity of these fires. Among natural causes, lightning strikes are one of the most common triggers. When lightning hits dry vegetation, it can ignite a fire that spreads rapidly, especially during dry seasons. Volcanic eruptions can also start forest fires by emitting hot lava and volcanic ash, which may ignite surrounding forests. Additionally, spontaneous combustion in peat-rich soils can occur under extremely hot and dry conditions, leading to slow-burning fires that can persist for long periods. Human activities are considered the primary contributors to forest fires. Agricultural practices, such as slash-and-burn methods, involve clearing land by burning vegetation, which can sometimes get out of control and spread to nearby forests. Campfires, discarded cigarettes, unattended burning of waste, and fireworks are other common human causes. Industrial activities, including mining and logging, can increase the risk of fires by exposing forested areas to flammable materials and creating pathways for fire to spread. Urban expansion into forested areas also raises the likelihood of forest fires, as the proximity of human settlements provides more ignition sources and complicates fire management. The consequences of forest fires are profound and multi-dimensional, affecting the environment, human society, and the economy. Ecologically, forest fires lead to the loss of biodiversity by destroying habitats of countless species, some of which may be endangered. Fires alter soil composition and fertility, making it less suitable for regrowth of native vegetation. Repeated fires can lead to desertification in some regions, as the land loses its vegetative cover and becomes prone to erosion. The destruction of trees reduces the capacity of forests to act as carbon sinks, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, which further exacerbate climate change. Smoke from forest fires contains particulate matter and greenhouse gases, which contribute to air pollution and respiratory problems in humans and animals alike. The social consequences of forest fires are equally