Modernity refers to a historical condition and social transformation associated with the emergence of industrial society, capitalism, scientific rationality, urbanization, bureaucratic organization, democracy, and technological advancement. It signifies a departure from traditional forms of social life characterized by customs, religious authority, kinship ties, and agrarian economies. Modernity reshapes institutions, values, identities, and everyday life by promoting reason, innovation, individualism, and continuous social change. Sociologists such as Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Émile Durkheim examined different aspects of modernity, while Anthony Giddens provided one of the most influential contemporary interpretations by emphasizing its dynamic, reflexive, and global nature. Anthony Giddens defines modernity as the institutional and cultural framework that emerged in Europe after the seventeenth century and gradually spread across the globe. Unlike theories that view modernity as a completed stage of development, Giddens argues that it is an ongoing and evolving process. He rejects the idea that society has entered a completely new "postmodern" era and instead proposes that contemporary society represents a phase of "high" or "late modernity," where the fundamental characteristics of modernity have become more intense. One of the central features of Giddens' concept is the separation of