Financial Management refers to the systematic planning, organising, directing and controlling of the financial activities of a business organisation. It is concerned with the procurement of funds, proper allocation of funds and effective utilisation of financial resources. In simple terms, financial management deals with deciding how much money a business needs, where to obtain it, where to invest it and how to use it efficiently. It is an important part of Business Organisation and Management because every business activity requires adequate financial resources. The major functions of Financial Management are as follows: 1. Estimation of Financial Requirements: The financial manager estimates the total amount of funds required by the organisation. This includes funds needed for fixed assets, working capital, expansion, replacement of assets and other business activities. Proper estimation helps in avoiding both shortage and unnecessary surplus of funds. 2. Determination of Capital Structure: Financial management determines the appropriate combination of different sources of finance, such as equity shares, preference shares, retained earnings, debentures and loans. The objective is to maintain a suitable balance between owned and borrowed funds while keeping the cost of capital under control. 3. Procurement of Funds: