Food security is a fundamental concept in the context of sustainable development and smart cities, as it addresses the ability of individuals and communities to access sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to maintain a healthy life. It is not limited to the mere availability of food but also extends to accessibility, utilization, and stability, which together determine whether populations can consistently meet their dietary needs. As urbanization increases and smart cities emerge as future models of sustainable living, ensuring food security becomes essential for economic stability, social equity, and environmental sustainability. A lack of food security undermines public health, exacerbates poverty, and creates socio-economic instability, which makes it a central concern of development policies worldwide. Food security is often defined as a condition in which all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. This definition reflects its multidimensional nature and emphasizes the interrelationship between food availability, access, and use. For smart cities aiming to be sustainable, food security must be integrated into planning, as growing populations, climate change, and resource limitations pose increasing challenges to urban food systems. The first major dimension of food security is food availability. This refers to the physical presence of food within a community or nation. It includes food production through agriculture, imports, and reserves. For example, if a country has fertile land, efficient farming practices, and sufficient production of staple crops, then the availability dimension is fulfilled. However, availability alone does not guarantee food security, as food must also be distributed and accessible to people. In smart cities, this dimension emphasizes the importance of urban farming, vertical agriculture, hydroponics, and integration of food production within city infrastructure to reduce dependence on external supply chains. Ensuring availability also requires sustainable agricultural practices, efficient storage, and transportation systems that minimize post-harvest losses. The second dimension is food access. Access involves both economic and physical means through which individuals obtain food. Economic access means people must have adequate income or resources to purchase food, while physical access ensures that food markets and distribution centers are within reach. Inequalities in income or lack of infrastructure can lead to hunger even in areas with abundant food supply. For example, urban poor populations in rapidly growing cities may struggle to buy nutritious food due to high prices, unemployment, or inflation. In the context of sustainable development, ensuring access requires