The term ‘Ecofeminism’ refers to an intellectual, social and political perspective that establishes a close relationship between the domination of women and the exploitation of nature. The concept emerged prominently during the 1970s and 1980s through the convergence of feminist thought, environmental movements and critiques of modern industrial development. Ecofeminists argue that patriarchal, hierarchical and exploitative social structures have historically treated both women and nature as resources to be controlled, appropriated and exploited. Therefore, the struggle for gender justice and the struggle for ecological sustainability are closely interconnected. Ecofeminism challenges the assumption that human beings are separate from nature and that nature exists merely for human consumption. It criticises systems of development based on excessive extraction, commercialisation and commodification of forests, land, water and other natural resources. At the same time, it draws attention to the unequal social consequences of environmental degradation. Women, particularly poor and rural women, often depend directly on forests, agricultural land, water sources and livestock for food, fuel, fodder and livelihoods. Consequently, environmental destruction frequently increases their labour burden and economic vulnerability. The intellectual roots of ecofeminism can be associated with thinkers such as Françoise d’Eaubonne, who used the term ‘ecofeminism’ in the 1970s. Later, writers such as Vandana Shiva, Maria Mies, Carolyn Merchant and Karen Warren developed different dimensions of ecofeminist thought. Ecofeminism is not a single unified theory. Some approaches emphasise the cultural association of women with nature, while others focus on material conditions, political economy, capitalism, colonialism and unequal access to resources. Contemporary ecofeminism generally avoids essentialist claims that women are naturally closer to nature and instead examines how social roles make women particularly dependent upon and knowledgeable about local ecosystems. The Indian context provides particularly significant examples of ecofeminist ideas because Indian