Question
Try to find out the New Financial Instruments introduced in the Capital Market during
past five years. Also find out the details of any two of these instruments. Write a note on your findings.
Answer :
Word Count : 1417
_____ ________ _____ ______ _____ __________.
_____ _________ _____ ____ __________ ___ _____ ________.
___ ________ _____ _____ __________ _____.
_______ ____ ___ ___ _____ ________ __________ ____ _______ _________ _____ ____.
___ _______ ________ _____ _______ ________ ___.
_____ _____ ______ ____ _______.
___ _____ _________ _______ ________ _____ _____ ______ _________ ____ ________.
_____ _____ ___ __________ __________ __________.
____ __________ ____ ________ ____ ______ ______.
_______ _____ __________ ________ ______ ___.
_________ _________ ________ ____ ____ _______ ______ ______ _____ __________ _________ _____.
____ _________ _________ ____ _____ ________ ___ ________ _______ _____.
_________ __________ ___ _______ _____ _______ _______ ___ _____.
_________ _________ ________ _____ ____ ____.
____ _____ _______ _______ ___ __________ ________ ______ _________ ________ ___.
___ ________ _________ ___ _______ _________ _______.
________ __________ __________ ____ ________ ________ ________ ____ _________.
_______ _____ ______ _____ _______ _________ _____ ________ _______ ______ _______ ______.
____ ___ _________ _____ _______ _____ ____ _________ ________ _______.
_________ ___ ____ ____ _________ ____ _________ ____ _______.
_________ ________ _____ _________ _______.
________ _______ ____ __________ _____ _________ _____ ___.
_____ ___ ___ ______ _________.
__________ ______ _______ ____ ______ ____ ______ ____ ________ ___.
_______ _________ _____ ______ ____ _________ _______ _______.
____ ____ _____ ___ _____ __________.
____ ___ _____ _________ ___ ___ ___ _________ __________ _____.
__________ _________ ________ __________ _______ ________.
__________ __________ __________ ______ ___ __________ __________ ___ ______ ________.
__________ _______ _____ _____ _____ ___ ________ __________ __________ _____.
_________ _____ _____ ________ _____ ________.
__________ __________ ___ __________ ___ ______ ____ _____ _______ ____ ____ __________.
________ ______ ___ ______ _________ _________ _______ ________ ________.
___ ___ _____ _____ ____ _______ ___ ________.
______ ____ ___ ____ ____ _____ _________ _____ ___.
____ _________ _______ _________ _________ ____ ________.
___ ____ _________ ___ ______ ______ ________ ________ ______ __________ __________ _________.
___ _____ ____ ______ ______.
____ ____ ___ __________ __________.
______ _______ ___ ___ ______ __________ __________ ____.
___ _____ ______ __________ ___ _______ _________ __________ __________.
________ __________ __________ __________ ____ ________ ______ ____ ____ __________ ___.
____ ______ ___ ________ ____ ___ __________.
__________ _______ _____ _________ _________ ___ _________ ________ ___.
_______ ________ _________ ___ __________ _________ ___ _________ ______ _______ _______ ________.
__________ _______ _______ _____ ________ ______ ____.
___ _____ ________ ____ ______ ____.
_______ __________ ______ ___ ___.
_________ ____ __________ ___ _______ _____.
_________ _____ ___ _____ _______ ________ ____ ________ ______ _______ ______ _____.
________ ___ __________ _____ ___ _____ __________.
__________ _________ _________ ______ ___.
___ ___ _____ _________ ____ _________ ___ _____.
_____ __________ ____ ___ _____ __________ ___ ________ ________.
___ ________ _________ ________ ____ __________ _____ _________ ________ _________ _____.
________ ____ ____ _______ _____ ___ __________ ________ ____ _______ _____.
_______ ___ _____ ____ _______ ________ _________.
_______ ________ _______ ____ __________ __________ _________ _________ ________ __________ _____.
___ _________ _________ _________ ________ ____.
__________ __________ ___ ___ ___ ____.
______ ____ ________ ___ _____ ______ _________ ___ ___ __________ __________.
________ ____ ______ ____ _______ _____ ____ _____ _______ _______.
_____ ___ __________ _________ ______ ___ ___ ______ _______.
______ _______ ______ _______ _________ ___ ___ ____ _________ ____ _________.
___ _____ _______ _________ ____ _______ _______ _________.
_____ _________ _________ _________ __________.
_____ __________ ____ __________ __________ __________ _________ ________ ___.
_________ ____ ______ _____ _____.
________ ______ _________ _______ _________ _____ _________ ____ __________ _________ _________.
____ _________ ___ _____ _______ ___.
_____ ______ ____ _________ ________.
_______ ________ _________ __________ _______ ___ _______ ___ _______ ____ _________.
__________ ______ ____ ________ _________ _________ ___ _____.
_____ ____ _________ _______ __________.
________ _______ ________ ______ _____ ______ ____.
_____ ___ ________ _____ _______ ___.
__________ _________ ____ _____ __________ __________.
______ _________ ___ _______ _____ ____ ___ _________ ___.
__________ ______ ____ __________ _______ ______ ________ ___ _______.
_________ ________ __________ ________ _____ ________ ___ _________ __________ ____ ________ ___.
___ ______ ____ _________ ________ ____ _____ _____ _________ _______.
_____ _________ _________ _______ ____ ____ ______ __________ __________ ________ _____.
____ ________ _________ ____ _______ ______ _______ _______ _______ ___ ___ _____.
__________ _________ _____ ____ __________ ______ _____ ____ ______ ________ ____.
______ _______ ________ _________ ___ _____ ________.
___ ____ ____ _____ __________ _______ _______ __________ ______.
____ _____ ____ __________ _____ __________ ________ _____.
__________ ______ _________ _____ ________ ___.
________ _____ ____ ____ _____ __________ _____ ______ ____ _____ ______.
______ ________ _________ ________ _____.
____ __________ _______ ____ ___ __________.
___ __________ __________ _______ ____ _____ ________.
____ ___ ______ ___ ____ ____ __________ _____ ______ _______ ______ _________.
__________ ____ _______ _________ __________ _______ _____ _________.
______ _____ _________ _________ ________ ___ _____ _______ ______ ____ ______.
________ _______ ____ __________ _________ ____ ___ ___ ___ ___.
_______ _____ ______ ___ ________ _____ _______ _______ _____.
__________ _______ ___ ________ _________ ________ ____ _____.
_______ __________ ________ ______ ______.
________ _______ ______ _______ _______ ____.
______ ________ _______ _______ _________ _______ __________ ___.
_________ ________ ________ ________ ___ ___ _______ _______ _________ ____.
___ ____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____.
_____ ________ ____ ____ ____ ____ _____ _______.
____ ____ __________ ______ __________ _______.
____ ____ ___ ___ ________ _______ _____ ____ __________ ___.
______ ________ ___ ____ __________ _________ __________ ______ ________ _________ _________.
________ __________ ___ _________ ____ _____ ___ __________ _________.
____ _______ _____ ______ __________ ________ ____ ____.
___ _____ _____ ___ ________ _____ __________ _____ _______ _________ ________ ___.
________ _____ _________ ___ _______ ________ _____.
______ _________ ______ __________ ________ ________ _______ ____.
__________ _________ __________ ________ ______ ______ __________ __________.
________ ______ _____ _______ ___.
________ ___ ____ _____ ______ _______ ___ ______ ______ _____.
_________ _____ _____ ______ _________ ___.
_____ _______ ___ _____ _________ ____ ______ _______ _________ _____.
__________ ______ _______ ________ ______.
_____ _____ __________ ______ _________ _________ __________ ______ ___ ________ ___ _________.
____ ____ _____ __________ __________ ______.
______ ____ ______ ______ _____ ________ _______ __________ ________ _______.
______ ___ _____ __________ ______.
_______ ____ ________ __________ __________ __________ ______ _______ ___.
______ ____ ___ _____ ________.
______ ____ _________ _______ _______ ___ ___ ____ _______ ___ _____ _______.
____ _________ _________ __________ ________ ______ __________ __________.
_______ _____ _______ __________ ________ _____ ________ ______.
__________ ______ ______ _________ ______ __________ ______ ____ ________ _________ ________.
_________ ______ __________ ___ ______ ___ _______.
__________ _________ _______ ____ _______.
_________ ________ __________ _____ _____.
Skip in 10
The Indian capital market has witnessed significant innovation over the past five years, driven by technological advancements, regulatory reforms, changing investor preferences, and the growing need for efficient capital mobilization. Financial innovation has enabled issuers to raise funds through diverse instruments while providing investors with more investment opportunities suited to different risk-return preferences. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), Reserve Bank of India (RBI), stock exchanges, and other market participants have introduced several new financial instruments and strengthened existing ones to improve market depth, transparency, and financial inclusion. Some of the important financial instruments introduced or significantly expanded in the Indian capital market during the past five years include: 1. Social Stock Exchange (SSE) Instruments 2. Sovereign Green Bonds 3. Municipal Green Bonds 4. ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) linked investment products 5. Silver Exchange Traded Funds (Silver ETFs) 6. Silver ETF Fund of Funds 7. Corporate Bond Exchange Traded Funds 8. Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) with new offerings 9. Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs) with expanded participation 10. Small and Medium REITs (SM REITs) 11. Digital Gold-related investment platforms under regulated frameworks 12. Green Debt Securities 13. Electronic Gold Receipts (EGRs) 14. Social Impact Funds under Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs) Among these, Sovereign Green Bonds and Small and Medium REITs are discussed in detail. Sovereign Green Bonds are government securities issued specifically for financing environmentally sustainable projects. India introduced Sovereign Green Bonds in the financial year 2022–23 as part of its commitment towards sustainable economic development and achieving climate-related goals. These bonds are issued by the Government of India and managed through the Reserve Bank of India. The primary objective of Sovereign Green Bonds is to mobilize funds exclusively for green infrastructure and environmentally beneficial projects. The proceeds raised through these bonds are allocated to projects such as renewable energy generation, clean transportation systems, sustainable water management, pollution control, energy-efficient buildings, biodiversity conservation, and climate change adaptation measures. The features of Sovereign Green
_____ _________ _____ _____ _______ ______ ________ _________ ___ _____ ______._____ ________ _____ ______ _____ __________.
_____ _________ _____ ____ __________ ___ _____ ________.
___ ________ _____ _____ __________ _____.
_______ ____ ___ ___ _____ ________ __________ ____ _______ _________ _____ ____.
___ _______ ________ _____ _______ ________ ___.
_____ _____ ______ ____ _______.
___ _____ _________ _______ ________ _____ _____ ______ _________ ____ ________.
_____ _____ ___ __________ __________ __________.
____ __________ ____ ________ ____ ______ ______.
_______ _____ __________ ________ ______ ___.
_________ _________ ________ ____ ____ _______ ______ ______ _____ __________ _________ _____.
____ _________ _________ ____ _____ ________ ___ ________ _______ _____.
_________ __________ ___ _______ _____ _______ _______ ___ _____.
_________ _________ ________ _____ ____ ____.
____ _____ _______ _______ ___ __________ ________ ______ _________ ________ ___.
___ ________ _________ ___ _______ _________ _______.
________ __________ __________ ____ ________ ________ ________ ____ _________.
_______ _____ ______ _____ _______ _________ _____ ________ _______ ______ _______ ______.
____ ___ _________ _____ _______ _____ ____ _________ ________ _______.
_________ ___ ____ ____ _________ ____ _________ ____ _______.
_________ ________ _____ _________ _______.
________ _______ ____ __________ _____ _________ _____ ___.
_____ ___ ___ ______ _________.
__________ ______ _______ ____ ______ ____ ______ ____ ________ ___.
_______ _________ _____ ______ ____ _________ _______ _______.
____ ____ _____ ___ _____ __________.
____ ___ _____ _________ ___ ___ ___ _________ __________ _____.
__________ _________ ________ __________ _______ ________.
__________ __________ __________ ______ ___ __________ __________ ___ ______ ________.
__________ _______ _____ _____ _____ ___ ________ __________ __________ _____.
_________ _____ _____ ________ _____ ________.
__________ __________ ___ __________ ___ ______ ____ _____ _______ ____ ____ __________.
________ ______ ___ ______ _________ _________ _______ ________ ________.
___ ___ _____ _____ ____ _______ ___ ________.
______ ____ ___ ____ ____ _____ _________ _____ ___.
____ _________ _______ _________ _________ ____ ________.
___ ____ _________ ___ ______ ______ ________ ________ ______ __________ __________ _________.
___ _____ ____ ______ ______.
____ ____ ___ __________ __________.
______ _______ ___ ___ ______ __________ __________ ____.
___ _____ ______ __________ ___ _______ _________ __________ __________.
________ __________ __________ __________ ____ ________ ______ ____ ____ __________ ___.
____ ______ ___ ________ ____ ___ __________.
__________ _______ _____ _________ _________ ___ _________ ________ ___.
_______ ________ _________ ___ __________ _________ ___ _________ ______ _______ _______ ________.
__________ _______ _______ _____ ________ ______ ____.
___ _____ ________ ____ ______ ____.
_______ __________ ______ ___ ___.
_________ ____ __________ ___ _______ _____.
_________ _____ ___ _____ _______ ________ ____ ________ ______ _______ ______ _____.
________ ___ __________ _____ ___ _____ __________.
__________ _________ _________ ______ ___.
___ ___ _____ _________ ____ _________ ___ _____.
_____ __________ ____ ___ _____ __________ ___ ________ ________.
___ ________ _________ ________ ____ __________ _____ _________ ________ _________ _____.
________ ____ ____ _______ _____ ___ __________ ________ ____ _______ _____.
_______ ___ _____ ____ _______ ________ _________.
_______ ________ _______ ____ __________ __________ _________ _________ ________ __________ _____.
___ _________ _________ _________ ________ ____.
__________ __________ ___ ___ ___ ____.
______ ____ ________ ___ _____ ______ _________ ___ ___ __________ __________.
________ ____ ______ ____ _______ _____ ____ _____ _______ _______.
_____ ___ __________ _________ ______ ___ ___ ______ _______.
______ _______ ______ _______ _________ ___ ___ ____ _________ ____ _________.
___ _____ _______ _________ ____ _______ _______ _________.
_____ _________ _________ _________ __________.
_____ __________ ____ __________ __________ __________ _________ ________ ___.
_________ ____ ______ _____ _____.
________ ______ _________ _______ _________ _____ _________ ____ __________ _________ _________.
____ _________ ___ _____ _______ ___.
_____ ______ ____ _________ ________.
_______ ________ _________ __________ _______ ___ _______ ___ _______ ____ _________.
__________ ______ ____ ________ _________ _________ ___ _____.
_____ ____ _________ _______ __________.
________ _______ ________ ______ _____ ______ ____.
_____ ___ ________ _____ _______ ___.
__________ _________ ____ _____ __________ __________.
______ _________ ___ _______ _____ ____ ___ _________ ___.
__________ ______ ____ __________ _______ ______ ________ ___ _______.
_________ ________ __________ ________ _____ ________ ___ _________ __________ ____ ________ ___.
___ ______ ____ _________ ________ ____ _____ _____ _________ _______.
_____ _________ _________ _______ ____ ____ ______ __________ __________ ________ _____.
____ ________ _________ ____ _______ ______ _______ _______ _______ ___ ___ _____.
__________ _________ _____ ____ __________ ______ _____ ____ ______ ________ ____.
______ _______ ________ _________ ___ _____ ________.
___ ____ ____ _____ __________ _______ _______ __________ ______.
____ _____ ____ __________ _____ __________ ________ _____.
__________ ______ _________ _____ ________ ___.
________ _____ ____ ____ _____ __________ _____ ______ ____ _____ ______.
______ ________ _________ ________ _____.
____ __________ _______ ____ ___ __________.
___ __________ __________ _______ ____ _____ ________.
____ ___ ______ ___ ____ ____ __________ _____ ______ _______ ______ _________.
__________ ____ _______ _________ __________ _______ _____ _________.
______ _____ _________ _________ ________ ___ _____ _______ ______ ____ ______.
________ _______ ____ __________ _________ ____ ___ ___ ___ ___.
_______ _____ ______ ___ ________ _____ _______ _______ _____.
__________ _______ ___ ________ _________ ________ ____ _____.
_______ __________ ________ ______ ______.
________ _______ ______ _______ _______ ____.
______ ________ _______ _______ _________ _______ __________ ___.
_________ ________ ________ ________ ___ ___ _______ _______ _________ ____.
___ ____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____.
_____ ________ ____ ____ ____ ____ _____ _______.
____ ____ __________ ______ __________ _______.
____ ____ ___ ___ ________ _______ _____ ____ __________ ___.
______ ________ ___ ____ __________ _________ __________ ______ ________ _________ _________.
________ __________ ___ _________ ____ _____ ___ __________ _________.
____ _______ _____ ______ __________ ________ ____ ____.
___ _____ _____ ___ ________ _____ __________ _____ _______ _________ ________ ___.
________ _____ _________ ___ _______ ________ _____.
______ _________ ______ __________ ________ ________ _______ ____.
__________ _________ __________ ________ ______ ______ __________ __________.
________ ______ _____ _______ ___.
________ ___ ____ _____ ______ _______ ___ ______ ______ _____.
_________ _____ _____ ______ _________ ___.
_____ _______ ___ _____ _________ ____ ______ _______ _________ _____.
__________ ______ _______ ________ ______.
_____ _____ __________ ______ _________ _________ __________ ______ ___ ________ ___ _________.
____ ____ _____ __________ __________ ______.
______ ____ ______ ______ _____ ________ _______ __________ ________ _______.
______ ___ _____ __________ ______.
_______ ____ ________ __________ __________ __________ ______ _______ ___.
______ ____ ___ _____ ________.
______ ____ _________ _______ _______ ___ ___ ____ _______ ___ _____ _______.
____ _________ _________ __________ ________ ______ __________ __________.
_______ _____ _______ __________ ________ _____ ________ ______.
__________ ______ ______ _________ ______ __________ ______ ____ ________ _________ ________.
_________ ______ __________ ___ ______ ___ _______.
__________ _________ _______ ____ _______.
_________ ________ __________ _____ _____.
IGNOU ACADEMY
Your IGNOU journey, made easier.
- Solved Assignments
- Study Notes
- Guess Papers
- Question Papers
Continue Reading — It's Free
Sign in with Google to unlock more of this answer.
✓ Free access
✓ Unlock up to 60% of the answer
✓ No payment required
✓ Unlock up to 60% of the answer
✓ No payment required
Quick Google sign-in. No separate registration form.