Terrorism is one of the most serious threats to peace and security in the contemporary world. It refers to the deliberate use or threat of violence by individuals, groups, or organizations against civilians, governments, or institutions to achieve political, ideological, religious, or ethnic objectives. Unlike conventional warfare, terrorism seeks to create fear and psychological insecurity among a wider audience than the immediate victims. It affects national stability, international relations, economic development, and human rights, making it a major concern in conflict and peace studies. One of the major characteristics of contemporary terrorism is its transnational nature. Terrorist organizations often operate across national borders through interconnected networks, recruiting members, raising funds, acquiring weapons, and planning attacks in multiple countries. Globalization, improved transportation, and digital communication have enabled these groups to expand their reach beyond local or regional boundaries. Another important characteristic is the use of asymmetric warfare. Terrorist groups usually possess limited military resources compared to