BAIF (Bharatiya Agro Industries Foundation), now known as BAIF Development Research Foundation, has played an important role in livestock development and women’s empowerment in rural India. Livestock is a significant component of rural livelihoods, particularly for women who are traditionally involved in animal care, milk production, fodder collection, and household-level livestock management. BAIF’s programmes focus on improving livestock productivity while strengthening women’s participation, decision-making power, and economic security. BAIF was established in 1967 with the objective of promoting sustainable rural development through livestock improvement, natural resource management, and livelihood enhancement. Its livestock development initiatives mainly focus on dairy development, cattle breed improvement, goat development, and capacity building among rural communities. Since women are major contributors to livestock-related activities, BAIF integrates gender perspectives into its programmes to ensure that women benefit directly from livestock-based livelihoods. One of BAIF’s major contributions is the promotion of dairy development through artificial insemination and breed improvement programmes. Indigenous cattle breeds are improved through scientific breeding techniques, resulting in increased milk production and better animal health. Women farmers, who are often responsible for milking and caring for cattle, gain improved income opportunities through enhanced dairy productivity. BAIF also trains women in scientific animal management practices, including balanced feeding, clean milk production, disease prevention, and reproductive care.