Gender mainstreaming in agriculture and allied activities means integrating the needs, experiences, rights and interests of women and men into agricultural policies, programmes, institutions and development practices. It recognizes that women are active participants in farming and rural livelihoods, although their contributions are often undervalued or inadequately recognized. In many rural communities, women undertake substantial responsibilities in crop production, livestock management, fisheries, forestry, food processing, seed preservation and household food security. Agriculture is often considered a male-dominated activity because men may formally own land or control agricultural income. However, women frequently perform labour-intensive activities such as sowing, transplanting, weeding, harvesting, threshing, livestock care, collection of fuelwood and water, and post-harvest processing. Gender mainstreaming seeks to ensure that these contributions are recognized and that women have equal access to productive resources and opportunities. Access to land and property is a major gender issue. Women often have limited ownership and control over