Question
Explain the MS-MALDI.
(b) What is metabolome? Discuss briefly plant metabolomics.
Answer :
Word Count : 564
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Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is a soft ionization technique widely used for the analysis of biomolecules such as proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and other macromolecules. It enables the determination of molecular weights with high accuracy while minimizing fragmentation of the analyte. MALDI is commonly coupled with a Time-of-Flight (TOF) mass analyzer because of its high speed, sensitivity, and broad mass range. In MALDI-MS, the sample is mixed with a suitable organic matrix such as α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA), sinapinic acid (SA), or 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB). The matrix absorbs laser energy and facilitates the desorption and ionization of analyte molecules. The sample-matrix mixture is deposited onto a metal target plate and allowed to crystallize. A pulsed ultraviolet or infrared laser irradiates the sample, causing the matrix to absorb energy and vaporize. During this process, analyte molecules are ionized, typically by protonation, producing singly charged ions. The generated ions are accelerated into the mass analyzer. In MALDI-TOF, ions travel through a field-free flight tube, and their time of flight is measured. Since lighter ions travel faster than heavier ions,
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