Question
Enumerate the different measures that can be adopted to minimise the risk of health care worker and
explain the role of Personal Protective Equipment.
Answer :
Word Count : 1558
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Skip in 10
Healthcare workers are exposed to a wide range of occupational hazards while providing patient care, handling healthcare waste, cleaning contaminated areas, collecting specimens, administering injections, performing surgical procedures and transporting infectious materials. Improper management of healthcare waste can expose workers to biological, chemical, physical and radiological hazards. The major risks include needle-stick injuries, exposure to blood and body fluids, infections, chemical burns, respiratory problems, musculoskeletal injuries and exposure to toxic substances. Therefore, minimizing occupational risk requires a combination of administrative measures, safe work practices, engineering controls, immunization, health surveillance, training and appropriate use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). One of the most important measures is proper segregation of healthcare waste at the point of generation. Waste should be separated immediately according to its type and risk category and placed in appropriately labelled and colour-coded containers. Sharps such as needles, blades and lancets must be discarded directly into puncture-resistant, leak-proof sharps containers. Healthcare workers should never bend, break, recap or manually manipulate used needles unless a specific procedure requires it and an approved safety technique is used. Correct segregation prevents infectious and hazardous waste from mixing with general waste and reduces the possibility of accidental exposure. Safe handling and transportation of healthcare waste are equally important. Waste containers should not be overfilled, and bags should be securely closed before transportation. Waste should be moved using dedicated trolleys or containers that are easy to clean and disinfect. Workers responsible for collection and transportation should be trained to recognize different waste categories and understand the hazards associated with them. Damaged, leaking or improperly packed waste containers should be handled carefully and replaced using appropriate procedures. Hand hygiene is a fundamental measure for preventing occupational infection. Healthcare workers should wash their hands with soap and water or use an appropriate alcohol-based hand rub at the recommended moments of care. Hand hygiene should be performed before and
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