Comparative Public Administration (CPA) is a specialized branch of public administration that focuses on the systematic comparison of administrative systems, institutions, structures, processes, and practices across different countries and cultures. It seeks to understand how administrative systems function under varying political, social, economic, cultural, and historical conditions. Rather than assuming that administrative principles are universally applicable, CPA emphasizes that public administration is deeply influenced by its environment. The discipline emerged prominently after the Second World War, particularly during the 1950s and 1960s, when scholars sought to study administrative systems in newly independent and developing countries. The development of Comparative Public Administration is closely associated with scholars such as Fred W. Riggs, Ferrel Heady, Dwight Waldo, and Robert Dahl. Riggs, in particular, made significant contributions by developing ecological and structural-functional approaches to explain administrative behavior in transitional societies. He argued that administrative systems cannot be understood in isolation from their social, political, economic, and cultural environments. The nature of Comparative Public Administration is interdisciplinary because it incorporates insights from political science, sociology, economics, anthropology, law, and management. It is empirical in orientation, relying on observation, field studies, surveys, and comparative analysis rather than merely normative prescriptions. CPA is also ecological in nature, recognizing that administrative systems interact continuously with