Climate change has emerged as one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity. Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including plants, animals, microorganisms, and the ecosystems in which they live. Changes in temperature, rainfall, sea level, and weather patterns directly and indirectly affect species survival, ecological balance, and natural habitats. As climate change accelerates, many ecosystems are undergoing rapid transformation, causing serious losses in biological diversity. One major impact of climate change on biodiversity is habitat loss and alteration. Many species are adapted to specific climatic conditions. Rising temperatures, changing rainfall, and frequent droughts modify forests, grasslands, wetlands, and polar habitats. For example, Arctic warming is melting sea ice, reducing habitat for polar bears, seals, and other cold-region species. Similarly, coral reefs are highly sensitive to ocean warming, and increasing sea temperatures cause coral bleaching, leading to large-scale reef destruction. Climate change also affects species distribution. As temperatures rise, many plants and animals shift toward higher altitudes or latitudes in search of suitable environments. Mountain species move uphill, while marine organisms migrate toward cooler waters. However, not all species can migrate successfully. Physical barriers, habitat fragmentation, and human settlements often prevent movement. Species with limited mobility, such as amphibians and certain