Production and Operations Management in agribusiness involves the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of production activities to ensure efficient utilization of resources for the production, processing, and distribution of agricultural products. Agribusiness differs from other industries because it deals with biological processes, seasonal production cycles, perishable goods, and high dependence on environmental factors. Therefore, several critical factors influence production and operations management in agribusiness, shaping decision-making processes and operational efficiency. One of the most significant factors influencing production and operations management in agribusiness is the nature of agricultural products. Agricultural outputs are often perishable, bulky, and subject to quality deterioration over time. This creates the need for efficient storage, transportation, and processing systems to reduce post-harvest losses. For example, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and meat require cold chain logistics and timely processing to maintain quality and prevent spoilage. The perishability factor demands careful scheduling, inventory management, and coordination across the supply chain. Another critical factor is seasonality and biological variability. Agricultural production is heavily dependent on climatic conditions such as rainfall, temperature, humidity, and sunlight. Crops and livestock follow biological growth cycles that cannot be easily accelerated like industrial production processes. As a result, production planning must consider seasonal availability of raw materials, harvesting periods, and potential risks from weather uncertainties. Variations in yield due to pests, diseases, and natural disasters also influence operational decisions and capacity utilization