The Rome Convention, formally known as the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations, 1961, represents a significant development in the evolution of intellectual property rights by extending protection beyond authors to include related or neighboring rights. It was adopted under the joint auspices of international bodies such as UNESCO, the International Labour Organization, and the World Intellectual Property Organization, and it aims to safeguard the economic and moral interests of performers, producers of sound recordings, and broadcasting organizations. One of the fundamental features of the Rome Convention is the recognition of neighboring rights, which are distinct from traditional copyright. While copyright primarily protects authors and creators of literary and artistic works, the Convention acknowledges that performers, producers, and broadcasters also contribute significantly to the dissemination of creative works. Thus, it establishes a framework for protecting their rights without undermining the rights of authors. This dual system ensures a balance between creators and intermediaries involved in the communication of works to the public. Another important feature is the principle of national treatment. Under this principle, each contracting state is required to grant the same level of protection to foreign nationals as it grants to its own citizens. This promotes fairness and uniformity in the protection of rights across different jurisdictions. However, the Convention allows certain exceptions and limitations, enabling countries to adapt the provisions according to their domestic legal systems while maintaining a minimum standard of protection. The Rome Convention specifies three categories of beneficiaries: performers, producers of phonograms, and broadcasting organizations. Performers include actors, musicians, dancers, and other persons who present, sing, deliver, or otherwise perform literary or artistic works. Producers of phonograms are individuals or entities responsible for the first fixation of sounds, while broadcasting organizations refer to entities that transmit sounds or images to the public via wireless means. Each category is granted specific rights tailored to their role in the creative process. Performers are granted the right to prevent certain unauthorized uses of their performances. These include the broadcasting