Techno-utopians and techno-structuralists represent two different approaches to understanding the relationship between technology and social development. Both recognize that technological change has a major influence on society, economy, politics and culture, but they differ significantly in their assumptions about the nature, possibilities and consequences of technological development. Techno-utopians have a highly optimistic view of technology. They believe that scientific and technological progress can solve many of the major problems faced by human societies. According to this perspective, innovations in information technology, communication, biotechnology, artificial intelligence, automation and digital networks can promote economic growth, improve living standards and create more efficient social institutions. Technology is often viewed as a major force for social liberation and human progress. Techno-utopians argue that access to modern technology can reduce geographical barriers, expand educational opportunities, improve healthcare and increase political participation. In the context of developing