Question
Critically evaluate Gandhi's views on Modern Civilization.
Answer :
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Gandhi’s views on modern civilization were primarily expressed in his famous work *Hind Swaraj* (1909), where he presented a critical analysis of Western modernity. He argued that modern civilization, based mainly on material progress, industrialization, and unlimited desires, had created moral and social problems rather than genuine human welfare. According to Gandhi, the excessive emphasis on machines, economic growth, and physical comforts weakened ethical values, self-restraint, and community life. Gandhi criticized modern industrial civilization for promoting exploitation, competition, and environmental destruction. He believed that large-scale industrialization often led to the concentration of wealth
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