Translation and adaptation are two closely related yet distinct processes in the field of translation studies. Both involve transferring a text from one language and culture to another, but they differ in terms of purpose, degree of modification, and the translator's freedom. In the context of *Anuvad Prakriya* (translation process), understanding the relationship between translation and adaptation is essential because every act of translation requires decisions about linguistic, cultural, and contextual equivalence. Translation is the process of rendering the meaning of a source language text into the target language while preserving its content, style, tone, and communicative purpose as far as possible. The translator attempts to maintain fidelity to the original text by reproducing its message accurately. The process involves comprehension of the source text, analysis of linguistic structures, transfer of meaning, restructuring in the target language, and revision. Translation seeks equivalence rather than mere word-for-word substitution. It recognizes differences in grammar, vocabulary, idioms, and cultural expressions and attempts to bridge these differences through appropriate translation strategies. Adaptation, on the other hand, is a form of translation in which the source text undergoes significant changes to suit the cultural, social, linguistic, or functional needs of the target audience. The translator enjoys greater creative freedom and may modify characters, settings, expressions, examples, or even parts of the content. The primary objective of adaptation is to achieve the intended effect on the target audience rather than preserving every element of the original. It is often described as the