Academic language refers to the formal language used in educational settings for the purpose of teaching, learning, and academic communication. It includes the vocabulary, grammar, sentence structures, and discourse patterns that are characteristic of textbooks, classroom discussions, examinations, research writing, and subject-specific communication. Within the framework of Language Across the Curriculum, academic language is not limited to the language classroom; rather, it permeates all subjects such as science, mathematics, social studies, and the arts. Each discipline has its own specialized vocabulary, ways of constructing arguments, and methods of presenting knowledge, which students must learn in order to participate successfully in academic activities. Academic language differs significantly from everyday conversational language. While conversational language is context-embedded, informal, and supported by gestures and shared experiences, academic language is context-reduced, formal, and often abstract. It requires precise use of terminology, logical organization of ideas, and the ability to interpret and produce complex texts. For example, in science students must understand terms like “hypothesis,” “variable,” and “analysis,” while in mathematics they must comprehend words such as “evaluate,” “derive,” or “justify.”