IGNOU BPVI 16 2026 - Explain the step-by-step method of yoghurt manufacture and d

Question

Explain the step-by-step method of yoghurt manufacture and describe the practical techniques used to enhance its shelf life, highlighting their importance in quality preservation.

06 Mar 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 453

Yoghurt manufacture begins with the selection of good quality milk, which can be cow, buffalo, or a blend, ensuring it meets standard fat and solids-not-fat (SNF) requirements. The milk is first clarified to remove any impurities and then standardized to achieve the desired fat content, which directly influences the texture and creaminess of the final product. After standardization, the milk undergoes homogenization, a process that breaks down fat globules into smaller sizes to ensure uniform distribution, which improves the mouthfeel and prevents cream separation during storage. The next crucial step is pasteurization, where the milk is heated typically at 85–90°C for 15–30 minutes or using higher temperature short-time methods, such as 90–95°C for 5–10 minutes. Pasteurization serves the

_______ ______ ___ ____ ____ _____ _____ _____ ____ ______.
____ _______ __________ ____ _____ ___ ___ ____ ___ ____ ________ ____.
______ ____ ____ ________ _____ ____ ___ _____.
________ _____ ________ _______ __________ _________ ___ _____.
_________ _________ ___ ____ ________ __________ ________ ____ ___ _____ _____.
__________ ______ _____ _________ _________ ______ ________ ___.
________ _________ _________ _____ ___ ________.
_______ ______ ________ ________ ____ ______ ___ __________ ______.
_______ ________ ______ ________ ______ ______.
________ ____ ________ ____ ___.
_________ ___ ______ _________ _________ __________ ____ ________.
_________ ___ ____ ________ ____ ______ __________ ______ _________ ________ ________.
_________ ________ ________ ____ _______ ____ ___ _______ _________ _______ _________.
_________ _____ _________ ______ _______.
____ _____ _______ ___ _____.
______ __________ __________ ________ _____ ______ ______ _____ __________ _______ _____.
______ _________ ___ ________ _______ __________ ________ _____ ____.
________ __________ ___ ________ ______ _______ __________ ___.
____ ___ __________ __________ __________ _____ _____ ______ _______.
________ _____ ______ ________ __________ _______.
_____ _______ _______ ________ ____ ____ _________ _____ ___.
________ _________ __________ _______ _____ _____ _______ ________.
________ _______ _____ _____ _______ ____ ____ _________ _______.
_________ _____ ___ ________ _________ __________ ______ ____ _______ ______.
_______ __________ ______ _______ _______ ___ _______.
_____ ___ _______ ______ ________ _____ ______ _______ ____ ___ _____.
_____ _________ ___ ___ _______ ____ ____ ______ ____ _______ _____ _________.
___ _______ __________ ______ ______ _________ _____.
____ _______ ____ _______ _____ ______ ________.
_______ ________ __________ ____ ______ _________ _____ _______ ____.
_______ ___ ________ ________ __________ ____ __________ __________ ______ _______ _________.
______ ______ ____ ____ _________ ________ _____.
______ ________ __________ ____ _______ ________ _______ ______ ____.
________ __________ __________ ___ ____ ___ ____.
____ _____ ____ _________ _________ __________.
___ _____ ______ _____ _______ ___ ________.
______ ________ __________ ___ ____ ___ _________ _____.
________ __________ ___ ______ _____ _____ _____ _________.
___ __________ _____ __________ ______ ______ ____ ______ __________ ______.
____ _________ _______ ______ _________ ________ ______.

IGNOU ACADEMY

Your IGNOU journey, made easier.

Solved Assignments
Study Notes
Guess Papers
Question Papers

Call Us WhatsApp

STUDY • PREPARE • SUCCEED

Skip in 10