The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and the State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) are statutory bodies established under the Disaster Management Act, 2005, to ensure effective disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery, and rehabilitation. While both authorities have similar objectives, they differ significantly in their organisational structure, leadership, jurisdiction, functions, and operational responsibilities. The National Disaster Management Authority is the apex body for disaster management at the national level. It is headed by the Prime Minister of India as the Chairperson. The Authority may have up to nine members nominated by the Central Government, one of whom is designated as the Vice-Chairperson. The NDMA functions through specialised divisions dealing with policy formulation, disaster risk reduction, capacity building, mitigation, preparedness, communication, finance, and administration. It is supported by the National Executive Committee (NEC), which is chaired by the Union Home Secretary and comprises Secretaries of key Central Ministries and Departments. The NEC assists the NDMA in preparing the National Disaster Management Plan, coordinating implementation, monitoring preparedness, and issuing guidelines to various ministries and states. The State Disaster Management Authority is the apex disaster management body at the state level. It is headed by the Chief Minister