The disaster management cycle is a continuous and integrated process that includes various interrelated phases aimed at reducing the impact of disasters and ensuring effective recovery. It recognizes that disasters are not isolated events but part of a recurring pattern that requires systematic planning, action, and evaluation. The cycle generally consists of four major phases: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. These phases are interconnected and often overlap, forming a dynamic process rather than a linear sequence. Mitigation refers to the measures taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life and property from natural or man-made hazards. It is a proactive phase that focuses on minimizing the adverse effects of disasters before they occur. Structural mitigation measures include building earthquake-resistant structures, constructing flood embankments, improving drainage systems, and enforcing building codes. Non-structural measures involve land-use planning, environmental management, public awareness campaigns, and legislative frameworks. For example, zoning regulations can prevent construction in flood-prone areas, thereby reducing