The Constituent Assembly of India was a sovereign body formed to draft the Constitution of independent India, marking a crucial phase in the transition from colonial rule to a democratic republic. Its origin can be traced to the demand for self-governance and constitutional reform during the late colonial period. The idea was first proposed by M. N. Roy in 1934 and later supported by the Indian National Congress. The British government eventually accepted this demand through the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946, which laid down the framework for the Assembly’s formation. The Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946, with its first meeting held on 9 December 1946 in New Delhi. Initially, it had 389 members, of which 292 were elected from British Indian provinces and 93 were nominated from princely states. The members were indirectly elected by the provincial legislative assemblies through a system of proportional representation. However, following the partition of India in 1947, the membership was reduced to 299, as representatives from areas that became Pakistan withdrew. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the permanent Chairman (President) of the Assembly, while Dr. B. R. Ambedkar