Question
যে লোকটি চুরি করেছিল, সে ধরা পড়েছে।
Answer :
Word Count : 1411
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“যে লোকটি চুরি করেছিল, সে ধরা পড়েছে।” वाक्य का हिंदी अनुवाद है—“जिस व्यक्ति ने चोरी की थी, वह पकड़ा गया है।” यह एक सरल, किंतु अर्थ की दृष्टि से महत्त्वपूर्ण बंगला वाक्य है। बंगला से हिंदी अनुवाद करते समय केवल शब्दों का स्थानांतरण पर्याप्त नहीं होता, बल्कि मूल वाक्य के अर्थ, भाव, काल, व्याकरणिक संबंध और स्वाभाविक अभिव्यक्ति को हिंदी में उसी प्रभाव के साथ प्रस्तुत करना आवश्यक होता है। इसी कारण बंगला-हिंदी अनुवाद को तुलना और पुनःसृजन की प्रक्रिया के रूप में समझा जाता है। मूल बंगला वाक्य में “যে লোকটি” का अर्थ “जिस व्यक्ति” या “जो आदमी” है। “যে” संबंधवाचक सर्वनाम है और “লোকটি” का अर्थ “वह व्यक्ति” अथवा “वह आदमी” होता है। बंगला में “যে...সে” की संरचना संबंधवाचक और मुख्य उपवाक्य के संबंध को व्यक्त करती है। हिंदी में इसका स्वाभाविक रूप “जिसने...वह” या “जो...वह” हो सकता है। इसलिए “যে লোকটি চুরি করেছিল, সে ধরা পড়েছে।” का सबसे स्वाभाविक हिंदी रूप “जिस व्यक्ति ने चोरी की थी, वह पकड़ा गया है।” होगा। “চুরি করেছিল” में “চুরি” का अर्थ “चोरी” और “করেছিল” का अर्थ “की थी” है। बंगला भाषा में “করা” क्रिया का प्रयोग अनेक संज्ञाओं के साथ संयुक्त रूप में होता है। “চুরি করা” का शाब्दिक अर्थ है “चोरी करना”। इसका भूतकालीन पूर्ण रूप “চুরি করেছিল” हिंदी में संदर्भ के अनुसार “चोरी की थी” या “चोरी किया था” हो सकता है। चूँकि “लोक” अथवा “व्यक्ति” पुल्लिंग है, हिंदी में “जिस व्यक्ति ने चोरी की थी” अधिक स्वाभाविक संरचना है। यहाँ “की थी” का प्रयोग “चोरी” स्त्रीलिंग संज्ञा के कारण होता है, न कि कर्ता के लिंग के कारण। यह अंतर बंगला और हिंदी की व्याकरणिक संरचनाओं को समझने में महत्त्वपूर्ण है। वाक्य का दूसरा भाग “সে ধরা পড়েছে” है। “সে” का अर्थ “वह” है। बंगला में “সে” पुरुष और स्त्री दोनों के लिए प्रयुक्त हो सकता है, जबकि हिंदी में सर्वनाम के रूप में “वह” सामान्यतः लिंग-निरपेक्ष दिखाई देता है, लेकिन क्रिया के रूप में लिंग का प्रभाव स्पष्ट हो सकता है। “ধরা পড়েছে” का अर्थ है “पकड़ा गया है”। यहाँ “ধরা পড়া” एक संयुक्त क्रियात्मक
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