Question
काम और संगठन
Answer :
Word Count : 728
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काम और संगठन का संबंध मनोविज्ञान, प्रबंधन तथा मानव व्यवहार के अध्ययन का एक महत्वपूर्ण क्षेत्र है। सामान्य मनोविज्ञान के अंतर्गत यह समझने का प्रयास किया जाता है कि व्यक्ति कार्यस्थल पर किस प्रकार सोचता है, अनुभव करता है, निर्णय लेता है तथा दूसरों के साथ अंतःक्रिया करता है। संगठन एक ऐसी औपचारिक व्यवस्था है जिसमें विभिन्न व्यक्तियों, समूहों तथा संसाधनों का समन्वय करके निर्धारित लक्ष्यों की प्राप्ति की जाती है। कार्य केवल आजीविका का साधन नहीं है, बल्कि यह व्यक्ति की पहचान, आत्मसम्मान, सामाजिक प्रतिष्ठा तथा आत्मविकास का भी माध्यम है। मनोवैज्ञानिक दृष्टिकोण से कार्य व्यक्ति की अनेक आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति करता है। कार्य के माध्यम से व्यक्ति आर्थिक सुरक्षा प्राप्त करता है, सामाजिक संबंध विकसित करता है तथा अपनी क्षमताओं और प्रतिभाओं का प्रदर्शन करता है। अब्राहम मैस्लो के आवश्यकता पदानुक्रम सिद्धांत के अनुसार कार्य व्यक्ति की शारीरिक, सुरक्षा, सामाजिक, सम्मान तथा आत्मसिद्धि की आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति में सहायक होता है। जब संगठन कर्मचारियों की इन आवश्यकताओं का ध्यान रखता है, तब उनकी कार्य संतुष्टि
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