Question
एंथ्रोपोसीन
Answer :
Word Count : 689
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एंथ्रोपोसीन (Anthropocene) एक प्रस्तावित भूवैज्ञानिक युग है, जिसका आशय उस काल से है जिसमें मानव गतिविधियाँ पृथ्वी की प्राकृतिक प्रणालियों, जैवमंडल, जलवायु, भू-आकृति तथा पारिस्थितिक संतुलन को निर्णायक रूप से प्रभावित करने वाली प्रमुख शक्ति बन गई हैं। यह अवधारणा पर्यावरण समाजशास्त्र में विशेष महत्त्व रखती है क्योंकि यह मानव समाज और प्रकृति के संबंधों का पुनर्मूल्यांकन करने के लिए प्रेरित करती है। इस शब्द को वर्ष 2000 में वायुमंडलीय वैज्ञानिक पॉल क्रुटज़ेन (Paul Crutzen) और यूजीन स्टॉर्मर (Eugene Stoermer) ने लोकप्रिय बनाया। उनका तर्क था कि औद्योगिकीकरण, जीवाश्म ईंधनों के व्यापक उपयोग, शहरीकरण, जनसंख्या वृद्धि और प्राकृतिक संसाधनों के अत्यधिक दोहन के कारण पृथ्वी की संरचना और कार्यप्रणाली में ऐसे परिवर्तन हुए हैं जो भविष्य में भूवैज्ञानिक अभिलेखों में स्पष्ट रूप से दिखाई देंगे। पर्यावरण समाजशास्त्र के अनुसार एंथ्रोपोसीन केवल एक वैज्ञानिक या भूवैज्ञानिक अवधारणा नहीं है, बल्कि यह सामाजिक, आर्थिक, राजनीतिक और सांस्कृतिक प्रक्रियाओं का भी परिणाम है। आधुनिक औद्योगिक समाज, पूँजीवादी उत्पादन प्रणाली, उपभोक्तावाद तथा
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