Question
ई-कॉमर्स के अर्थ और लाभों की व्याख्या कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 722
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ई-कॉमर्स (Electronic Commerce) से आशय इंटरनेट तथा अन्य डिजिटल संचार माध्यमों के द्वारा वस्तुओं और सेवाओं की खरीद-बिक्री, विपणन, भुगतान, वितरण तथा व्यावसायिक लेन-देन की प्रक्रिया से है। यह पारंपरिक व्यापार का आधुनिक डिजिटल स्वरूप है, जिसमें विक्रेता और उपभोक्ता भौतिक रूप से उपस्थित हुए बिना ऑनलाइन माध्यम से व्यापारिक गतिविधियों का संचालन करते हैं। ई-कॉमर्स में वेबसाइट, मोबाइल एप्लिकेशन, डिजिटल भुगतान प्रणाली, इंटरनेट बैंकिंग, क्रेडिट एवं डेबिट कार्ड, यूनिफाइड पेमेंट्स इंटरफेस (UPI) तथा ई-वॉलेट जैसी तकनीकों का व्यापक उपयोग किया जाता है। ई-गवर्नेंस के संदर्भ में ई-कॉमर्स का विशेष महत्व है क्योंकि यह डिजिटल अर्थव्यवस्था को सशक्त बनाता है, पारदर्शिता बढ़ाता है तथा नागरिकों और व्यवसायों के लिए सुविधाजनक एवं सुरक्षित व्यापारिक वातावरण उपलब्ध कराता है। ई-कॉमर्स के अंतर्गत विभिन्न प्रकार के व्यापारिक मॉडल सम्मिलित होते हैं। बिजनेस-टू-कंज्यूमर (B2C) मॉडल में कंपनियाँ सीधे उपभोक्ताओं को उत्पाद एवं सेवाएँ उपलब्ध कराती हैं। बिजनेस-टू-बिजनेस (B2B) मॉडल में दो व्यावसायिक संस्थानों के मध्य व्यापारिक लेन-देन होता है। कंज्यूमर-टू-कंज्यूमर (C2C) मॉडल में उपभोक्ता आपस में वस्तुओं एवं सेवाओं का
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