Question
भौगोलिक सूचना प्रणाली (GIS) क्या हैं?
Answer :
Word Count : 678
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भौगोलिक सूचना प्रणाली (Geographical Information System–GIS) एक कंप्यूटर आधारित सूचना प्रणाली है, जिसका उपयोग भौगोलिक अथवा स्थानिक (Spatial) आँकड़ों के संग्रह, भंडारण, प्रबंधन, विश्लेषण तथा प्रस्तुतीकरण के लिए किया जाता है। यह केवल मानचित्र तैयार करने का साधन नहीं है, बल्कि विभिन्न प्रकार के भौगोलिक डेटा को एकीकृत करके निर्णय लेने की प्रक्रिया को अधिक सटीक, त्वरित और प्रभावी बनाता है। ई-गवर्नेंस के क्षेत्र में GIS का विशेष महत्व है क्योंकि यह सरकार को योजनाओं के निर्माण, संसाधनों के प्रबंधन तथा नागरिक सेवाओं के वितरण में वैज्ञानिक आधार प्रदान करता है। GIS का मूल आधार यह है कि प्रत्येक वस्तु, स्थान या घटना का एक निश्चित भौगोलिक स्थान होता है। इस स्थान से संबंधित सूचनाओं को डिजिटल रूप में संग्रहीत कर उनका विश्लेषण किया जाता है। उदाहरण के लिए, किसी जिले में विद्यालयों, अस्पतालों, सड़कों, जलस्रोतों, कृषि भूमि और जनसंख्या से संबंधित आँकड़ों को एक ही प्लेटफॉर्म पर प्रदर्शित किया जा सकता है। इससे प्रशासन को
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