Question
आपदा चक्र पर एक टिप्पणी लिखिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 645
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Skip in 10
आपदा चक्र (Disaster Cycle) आपदा प्रबंधन की एक सतत एवं व्यवस्थित प्रक्रिया है, जिसके माध्यम से किसी भी प्रकार की प्राकृतिक या मानवजनित आपदा के प्रभाव को कम करने, उससे निपटने तथा सामान्य स्थिति को पुनः स्थापित करने का कार्य किया जाता है। यह चक्र निरंतर चलता रहता है क्योंकि एक आपदा के समाप्त होने के बाद भी भविष्य में आने वाली संभावित आपदाओं के लिए तैयारी जारी रहती है। आपदा चक्र का मुख्य उद्देश्य मानव जीवन, संपत्ति, पर्यावरण तथा आधारभूत संरचनाओं की सुरक्षा सुनिश्चित करना तथा समाज को अधिक लचीला (Resilient) बनाना है। आपदा चक्र के प्रमुख चरणों में शमन (Mitigation), तैयारी (Preparedness), प्रतिक्रिया (Response) तथा पुनर्वास एवं पुनर्निर्माण (Recovery) शामिल हैं। प्रत्येक चरण का अपना विशिष्ट महत्व है तथा सभी चरण एक-दूसरे से जुड़े हुए हैं। शमन (Mitigation) आपदा चक्र का पहला और अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण चरण है। इसका उद्देश्य आपदाओं से होने वाले संभावित नुकसान को कम करना होता है। इस चरण में ऐसी नीतियाँ, योजनाएँ तथा संरचनात्मक एवं गैर-संरचनात्मक उपाय अपनाए जाते हैं जो जोखिम
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