The struggle for equality is a central theme in political theory and has shaped social, economic, and political movements across history. At its core, equality refers to the idea that all individuals possess equal moral worth and should be treated with equal concern and respect by society and the state. However, the meaning and scope of equality have been interpreted differently across philosophical traditions, leading to diverse forms of struggle aimed at achieving it. In classical political thought, equality was often limited and conditional. Ancient Greek thinkers like Aristotle accepted natural inequalities, justifying social hierarchies such as slavery and gender subordination. Equality was confined mainly to citizens within the polis, excluding large sections of the population. With the emergence of modern political theory, especially during the Enlightenment, the idea of natural equality gained prominence. Thinkers such as John Locke argued that all individuals are equal in a state of nature, possessing inherent rights to life, liberty, and property. This notion laid the foundation for struggles against absolutism and arbitrary power. The struggle for equality intensified with the rise of liberalism and