Gender refers to the socially and culturally constructed roles, behaviours, expectations and identities associated with women, men and people of diverse gender identities. It is different from sex, which generally refers to biological characteristics such as reproductive organs, chromosomes and physiological features. Gender is shaped by society and culture and therefore varies across historical periods, communities and social groups. The study of gender is important for understanding inequality, discrimination, power relations and the functioning of law in society. From childhood, individuals are often taught what is considered appropriate behaviour for their gender. Boys may be encouraged to be strong, independent and assertive, while girls may be expected to be caring, obedient and responsible for household activities. These expectations are transmitted through family, education, religion, media, popular culture and social institutions. Such socialisation can create rigid gender roles and limit individual freedom. For example, the belief that women should primarily perform domestic work while men should be economic providers can contribute to unequal distribution of labour and economic dependence. Gender is closely connected with power. In many societies, men have historically enjoyed greater access to property, education, employment, political