Explain any two theories of motivation citing relevant examples
Motivational theories typically fall into two categories. Content theories explain individual needs, while process theories explain the thought processes behind an individual's behavior. According to content theories, needs drive humans to act in certain ways and adopt specific work behaviors. Process theories explain a person's behavioral decision process.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Abraham Harold Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory states that motivation stems from various sets of needs, including physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization. According to some interpretations of the theory, an individual will not seek to satisfy higher-level needs until he fulfills his lower-level needs. Higher-level needs are esteem and self-actualization, while lower level needs are physiological, safety and social. If a manager wants to appeal to self-actualization needs, he may offer to develop an employee's potential and reward him with a promotion if he meets performance requirements. Some employers structure entry-level positions in this manner to motivate new employees
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