Question
What is the right of individual or collective self defence? Discuss the conditions under which this right is available in International Law.
Answer :
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The right of individual or collective self-defence is a fundamental principle in international law, enshrined primarily in Article 51 of the United Nations Charter. This right allows a state to use force either individually or collectively in response to an armed attack against it, until the Security Council takes necessary measures to maintain international peace and security. It is considered an inherent right of states and is distinct from offensive military action, as it is strictly reactive and limited to repelling aggression or preventing further attacks. The principle recognizes the sovereignty and security needs of states in a system where immediate recourse to international enforcement mechanisms may not always be feasible. Individual self-defence refers to the capacity of a state to respond on its own when subjected to an armed attack. In contrast, collective self-defence permits one or more states to come to the assistance of
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