What is meant by Billing efficiency and Collection Efficiency? Give the equation, allowing calculation of AT&C loss from the two efficiency factors.
Billing efficiency is a measure of efficiency of the proportion of energy that has been billed out of supplied energy which includes both metered and unmetered sales to consumers.
Billing Efficiency = Total Units Sold/Billed (kWh) / Total Input (kWh)
Collection Efficiency Calculation
The utility is not able to recover total amount billed fully and as a result commercial losses comes in to picture. In collection efficiency calculation, the revenue collected shall exclude the arrears.
Collection Efficiency = Revenue Collected / Billed Amount
The aggregate technical and commercial loss is calculated using the following formula:
% AT&C Losses = {1- (Billing Efficiency x Collection Efficiency)} x 100
The Technical loss = Loss found from load flow in electrical lines +
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