Kinanthropometry is the scientific study of human body size, shape, proportion, composition, and movement in relation to physical activity and sports performance. The term is derived from three Greek words: “kinein” meaning movement, “anthropos” meaning human, and “metron” meaning measurement. Thus, kinanthropometry combines anthropometry with the study of human movement. It provides quantitative information about the physical characteristics of individuals and examines how these characteristics influence performance, fitness, health, and adaptation to exercise. Kinanthropometric assessment involves the measurement of various body dimensions and physical characteristics. These include height, weight, sitting height, limb lengths, breadths, circumferences, skinfold thickness, body mass index, and body composition. Measurements of muscle mass, fat mass, bone dimensions, somatotype, and body proportions are also important. Somatotyping classifies individuals according to their relative development of endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy. These measurements help in understanding individual differences in physical structure and their relationship with functional capacity. Kinanthropometry has extensive applications in sports. One of its major applications is the identification and selection of sporting talent. Different sports demand different physical characteristics. For example, height and long limbs may be advantageous in basketball and volleyball,