An escalator is a mechanically driven, continuous moving staircase designed to transport people vertically between different levels of a building. It is widely used in commercial, public, and transportation buildings where large numbers of people need to move efficiently and comfortably between floors. Escalators are commonly installed in shopping malls, airports, railway stations, metro stations, hotels, hospitals, and large office complexes. Unlike lifts, which carry passengers in batches, escalators provide a continuous flow of movement, making them particularly suitable for handling heavy pedestrian traffic. In the context of building construction and maintenance, escalators form an important part of vertical transportation systems and require careful planning, installation, and upkeep to ensure safety, efficiency, and durability. Structurally, an escalator consists of a truss, steps, handrails, tracks, drive system, motor, and control mechanisms. The truss is a rigid metal framework that supports the entire escalator system and spans between the upper and lower floors. It houses the mechanical components, including the motor, gears, chains, and tracks. The steps are specially designed metal units with grooved treads to prevent slipping. These steps are connected together by chains to form a continuous loop. The handrails, which move at the same speed as the steps, provide support and balance to passengers. The tracks guide the movement of the steps, ensuring that they remain level while in use and collapse into a flat arrangement at the top and bottom landings. The working of an escalator is based on a motor-driven chain mechanism. An electric motor, usually located at the top landing, drives the main shaft through a reduction gear system. This shaft rotates and moves the step chains, which in turn pull the steps along the track system. As the steps move upward or downward, they remain horizontal due to the specially designed tracks that control their orientation. At the upper and lower ends, the steps flatten out and move beneath the landing platform, returning in a continuous loop to repeat the cycle. When the escalator is switched on, electrical power is supplied to the motor. The motor rotates the drive sprockets, which pull the step chain. Each step is attached to two chains, one on each side, ensuring balanced movement and stability. The steps are supported by rollers that run along the tracks. The track system is designed in such a way that the front and