Peace movements in India have a long and diverse history, shaped by religious traditions, social reform, anti-colonial resistance, and struggles for justice and equality. The Indian understanding of peace has generally extended beyond the absence of war to include non-violence, social harmony, justice, dignity, and the resolution of conflicts through dialogue. The roots of Indian peace movements can be traced to ancient philosophical and religious traditions. Buddhism emphasized compassion, non-violence and the reduction of suffering, while Jainism developed the principle of *ahimsa* as a central ethical value. The teachings of Ashoka after the Kalinga War represented an important historical example of rejecting violent conquest and promoting *Dhamma*, tolerance and peaceful coexistence. These traditions provided an ethical foundation for later peace movements. During the nineteenth century, social and religious reformers connected peace with social transformation. Raja Rammohan Roy, Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Swami Vivekananda and other reformers challenged social discrimination, superstition and oppressive practices. Their efforts demonstrated that sustainable peace requires social reform and human dignity. The freedom movement later transformed these ideas into a powerful political strategy. Mahatma Gandhi played the most influential role in the evolution of modern Indian peace movements. His philosophy of *ahimsa*, *satyagraha* and non-violent