Question

Natural calamities

02 Jul 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 207
In the environmental history of the Indian subcontinent, natural calamities have been recurring forces shaping landscapes, livelihoods, and state responses. Droughts, floods, cyclones, earthquakes, and epidemics have profoundly influenced patterns of settlement, agriculture, and resource use. The monsoon-dependent agrarian economy rendered large populations vulnerable to rainfall failures, leading to famines that periodically devastated regions such as the Deccan, Bengal, and northwestern India. Floods along the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra systems replenished soils but also caused
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