A national census is the systematic and official process of collecting, compiling, analyzing, and publishing demographic, social, and economic information about every individual living within a country's boundaries at a specified time. It is one of the most important sources of population data and provides a comprehensive picture of the size, distribution, and characteristics of a nation's population. In the study of biological diversity in human populations, census data offer valuable information for understanding population composition, growth, migration, and regional variations that influence human biological variation. A census is generally conducted at regular intervals, commonly every ten years in many countries. It aims to enumerate every individual regardless of age, sex, ethnicity, religion, occupation, or socioeconomic status. The collected information includes age structure, sex ratio, marital status, literacy, education, occupation, household size, language, disability, migration, fertility, and housing conditions. Such information enables governments and researchers to understand the demographic profile of the population and identify changes over time. From the perspective of