Question
Name the key regulatory enzyme of de novo cholesterol biosynthesis. How does it exert the regulation?
Answer :
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De novo cholesterol biosynthesis is tightly regulated at a specific rate-limiting step to maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis. The key regulatory enzyme of this pathway is 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase). This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, an early and committed step in cholesterol synthesis, and therefore exerts major control over the overall flux of the pathway. Regulation of HMG-CoA reductase occurs at multiple levels. At the transcriptional level, the enzyme
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